DOI
https://doi.org/10.18849/ve.v7i1.527Abstract
PICO question
Does treatment with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with supplementation of marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids (n-3FAs) compared to the NSAID alone, result in an increased ability to exert force by the osteoarthritic limb(s) of dogs or alleviate other measures of osteoarthritis?
Clinical bottom line
Category of research question
Treatment
The number and type of study designs reviewed
Two prospective, block-randomised, clinical trials
Strength of evidence
None
Outcomes reported
Kwananocha et al. (2016) investigated administration of carprofen supplemented with marine-derived n-3 FAs, to carprofen alone, administered over 4 weeks. Vijarnsorn et al. (2019) investigated administration of firocoxib supplemented with n-3FA, to firocoxib alone, for 4 weeks. There were no statistical differences between treatment groups at week 2 and week 4 post-treatment for either study. Both studies also reported orthopaedic assessment score (OAS) based on scoring the extent of patient lameness and pain in the affected joint. There were no statistical changes in OASs between treatment groups at week 2 or week 4 post-treatment for either study
Conclusion
There is no evidence that marine-derived n-3 FAs provide additional benefit when used as adjunctive agents with NSAIDs for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis
How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
References
Administration USFaD. (2018). Surrogate Endpoint Resources for Drug and Biologic Development. [online]. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/development-resources/surrogate-endpoint-resources-drug-and-biologic-development [Accessed 25 Jul 2021].
Anderson, K.L., Zulch, H., O'Neill, D.G., Meeson, R.L. & Collins, L.M. (2020). Risk Factors for Canine Osteoarthritis and its Predisposing Arthropathies: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 7, 220. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00220
Beale, B.S. (2004). Use of nutraceuticals and chondroprotectants in osteoarthritic dogs and cats. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. 34(1), 271–289. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2003.09.008
Belshaw, Z., Asher, L. & Dean, R.S. (2016). Systematic Review of Outcome Measures Reported in Clinical Canine Osteoarthritis Research. Veterinary Surgery. 45(4), 480–487. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vsu.12479
Brown, D.C., Boston, R.C., Coyne, J.C. & Farrar, J.T. (2008). Ability of the Canine Brief Pain Inventory to detect response to treatment in dogs with osteoarthritis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 233(8), 1278–1283. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.233.8.1278
Brown, D., Boston, R. & Farrar, J. (2013). Comparison of Force Plate Gait Analysis and Owner Assessment of Pain Using the Canine Brief Pain Inventory in Dogs with Osteoarthritis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2013;. 27(1), 22–30. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12004
Button, K.S., Ioannidis, J.P., Mokrysz, C., Nosek, B.A., Flint, J., Robinson, E.S. & Munafò, M.R. (2013). Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 14, 365–376. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn3475
Calder, P.C. (2009). Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: New twists in an old tale. Biochimie. 91(6), 791–795. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2009.01.008
Casler, M.D. (2018). Blocking Principles for Biological Experiments. Applied Statistics in Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Sciences. 53–72. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/appliedstatistics.2015.0074.c3
Dangardt, F., Osika, W., Chen, Y., Nilsson, U., Gan, L-M., Gronowitz, E., Strandvik, B. & Friberg, P. (2010). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves vascular function and reduces inflammation in obese adolescents. Atherosclerosis. 212(2), 580–585. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.06.046
de Boer, M.R., Waterlander, W.E., Kuijper, L.D., Steenhuis, I.H. & Twisk, J.W. (2015). Testing for baseline differences in randomized controlled trials: an unhealthy research behavior that is hard to eradicate. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 12(4). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-015-0162-z
Gruen, M.E., White, P. & Hare, B. (2020). Do dog breeds differ in pain sensitivity? Veterinarians and the public believe they do. PloS One. 15:e0230315. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230315
Innes, J.F., Clayton, J. & Lascelles, B.D.X. (2010). Review of the safety and efficacy of long‐term NSAID use in the treatment of canine osteoarthritis. Veterinary Record. 166(8), 226–230. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.c97
Johnson, K.A., Lee, A.H. & Swanson, K.S. (2020). Nutrition and nutraceuticals in the changing management of osteoarthritis for dogs and cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 256(12), 1335–1341. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.256.12.1335
Kean, J.D., Camfield, D., Sarris, J., Kras, M., Silberstein, R., Scholey,A. & Stough, C. (2013). A randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of PCSO-524®, a patented oil extract of the New Zealand green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus), on the behaviour, mood, cognition and neurophysiology of children and adolescents (aged 6–14 years) experiencing clinical and sub-clinical levels of hyperactivity and inattention: study protocol ACTRN12610000978066. Nutrition Journal. 12(100), 1–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-12-100
Krzywinski, M. & Altman, N. (2014). Points of significance: Analysis of variance and blocking. Nature Methods. 11(7), 699–700. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3005
Kwananocha, I., Vijarnsorn, M., Kashemsant, N. & Lekcharoensuk, C. (2016). Effectiveness of disease modifying osteoarthritis agents and carprofen for treatment of canine osteoarthritis. The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 46(6), 363–371.
McCarthy, G., O’Donovan, J., Jones, B., McAllister, H., Seed, M. & Mooney, C. (2007). Randomised double-blind, positive-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate for the treatment of dogs with osteoarthritis. The Veterinary Journal. 174(1), 54–61. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.02.015
Moreau, M., Dupuis, J., Bonneau, N. & Desnoyers, M. (2003). Clinical evaluation of a nutraceutical, carprofen and meloxicam for the treatment of dogs with osteoarthritis. Veterinary Record. 152(11), 323–329. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.152.11.323
Pannucci, C.J. & Wilkins, E.G. (2010). Identifying and Avoiding Bias in Research. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 126(2), 619–625. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181de24bc
Quinn, M.M., Keuler, N.S., Lu, Y., Faria, M.L.E., Muir, P. & Markel, M.D. (2007). Evaluation of Agreement Between Numerical Rating Scales, Visual Analogue Scoring Scales, and Force Plate Gait Analysis in Dogs. Veterinary Surgery. 36(4), 360–367. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00276.x
Root, M., Collier, S.R., Zwetsloot, K.A., West, K.L. & McGinn, M.C. (2013). A randomized trial of fish oil omega-3 fatty acids on arterial health, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome in a young healthy population. Nutrition Journal. 12(40), 1–6. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-12-40
Sargeant, J.M., Kelton, D.F. & O'Connor, A.M. (2014). Randomized Controlled Trials and Challenge Trials: Design and Criterion for Validity. Zoonoses and Public Health. 61(S1), 18–27. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zph.12126
Vijarnsorn, M., Kwananocha, I., Kashemsant, N., Jarudecha, T., Lekcharoensuk, C., Beale, B., Peirone, B. & Lascelles, B.D.X. (2019). The effectiveness of marine based fatty acid compound (PCSO-524) and firocoxib in the treatment of canine osteoarthritis. BMC Veterinary Research. 15, 1–8. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2110-7
Vijarnsorn, M., Kwananocha, I., Kashemsant, N., Jarudecha, T., Lekcharoensuk, C., Beale, B., Peirone, B. & Lascelles, B.D.X. (2020). Correction to: The effectiveness of marine based fatty acid compound (PCSO-524) and firocoxib in the treatment of canine osteoarthritis. BMC Veterinary Research. 16, 1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02713-9
Zawadzki, M., Janosch, C. & Szechinski, J. (2013). Perna canaliculus Lipid Complex PCSO-524™ Demonstrated Pain Relief for Osteoarthritis Patients Benchmarked against Fish Oil, a Randomized Trial, without Placebo Control. Marine Drugs. 11(6), 1920–1935. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md11061920
License
Veterinary Evidence uses the Creative Commons copyright Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. That means users are free to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. Remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially - with the appropriate citation.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Katherine Nield, Merran Govendir, Comparison of 0.2 Mg/kg Vs. 1.0 Mg/kg of Oral Meloxicam for Safe and Effective Analgesia in Domestic Rabbits , Veterinary Evidence: Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): The second issue of 2019
- Chun Fung Wong, Merran Govendir, Can dog appeasing pheromone ameliorate stress behaviours associated with anxiety in mature domestic dogs? , Veterinary Evidence: Vol. 6 No. 4 (2021): The fourth issue of 2021
- Nicole Echeverri, Merran Govendir, Does the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine modify canine anxiety related behaviour? , Veterinary Evidence: Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022): The fourth issue of 2022
